Guide to burn treatment for roofing crews

By Cotney Consulting Group.

Burns are a severe risk to the roofing industry, and understanding how to provide first aid for different types of burns is critical.

Burns are a common hazard in the roofing industry, arising from exposure to hot surfaces, chemicals, electricity and other sources. The severity of burns can vary, and immediate, proper first aid is crucial to minimize damage and prevent complications. Understanding how to respond to different types of burns ensures that roofing contractors can protect their teams and promote a safer work environment.

Recognizing burn severity

Burns can be painful or, in some cases, painless, depending on their severity. The degree of a burn is determined by its location on the body and the number of skin layers affected. Burns in sensitive areas, such as the hands, feet, face and groin, are more complex and often require immediate medical attention.

Burns can be classified into three degrees:

1. First-degree burns: Affect only the outer layer of skin, causing redness, mild pain and swelling.
2. Second-degree burns: Penetrate deeper into the skin, resulting in blistering, severe pain and swelling.
3. Third-degree burns: Extend through all layers of the skin, often appearing white, charred or leathery and may cause numbness due to nerve damage.

First response: Stopping the heat source

The first step in any burn situation is to stop the heat source or break contact between the skin and the source of the burn. This immediate action is crucial as the body retains heat and continues to burn until the skin cools. Once the source is removed, assess the burn's severity and follow the appropriate first aid steps.

First aid for different types of burns

1 - Heat or thermal burns
Heat or thermal burns are common in roofing due to exposure to hot surfaces, equipment or liquids. The following steps can help alleviate the pain and reduce damage:

• Cool the burn: Rinse the burn with cool water (without scrubbing) or immerse the affected area until the pain subsides. Using cool water helps dissipate heat and prevents further injury. Do not use ice, as this can cause additional skin damage.
• Dry and cover: Gently pat the burn dry with a sterile cloth after rinsing. Cover the burn with a clean, non-stick dressing to protect the area and prevent infection. Remove any soaked clothing for burns caused by hot liquids unless it is stuck to the skin.
• Avoid butter or ointments: Unless directed by a medical professional, avoid applying butter or ointments to the burn, as these can trap heat and increase the risk of infection.
• Do not break blisters: If blisters form, do not pop them, as they serve as a natural barrier against infection.

2 - Electrical burns
Electrical burns can be particularly dangerous, as they may cause internal damage in addition to visible skin injuries. Here's how to handle electrical burns safely:

• Turn off the power source: Before attempting to assist the victim, turn off the electrical power at its source to prevent further injury. Never touch the victim until all wires are clear.
• Check vital signs: Ensure that the victim's breathing and heartbeat are regular. If the victim is unresponsive, perform CPR if necessary and seek medical attention immediately.
• Treat for shock: Electrical burns can lead to shock. Keep the victim calm, warm and still while waiting for medical help.
• Assess entry and exit points: Electrical burns often have entry and exit wounds. Check for these and apply cool water to minor burns, but ensure that the victim receives professional medical care as soon as possible.

3 - Chemical burns
Chemical burns occur when skin or eyes come into contact a hazardous substance. Immediate action is required to prevent further tissue damage:

• Follow emergency instructions: Locate the chemical container and follow the emergency instructions on the label. Consult the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for specific guidance.
• Flush the area: Remove contaminated clothing, and if the eyes or skin are affected, flush them with water for at least 15–30 minutes. For dry chemicals, brush them off the skin before rinsing with water.
• Seek medical attention: Chemical burns can be severe, so it is vital to seek medical help promptly, even if the initial symptoms seem minor.

When to seek medical help

Certain burn situations require immediate medical assistance to prevent complications and long-term damage. Always seek medical help if the victim:

• Shows symptoms of shock (e.g., pale skin, rapid pulse, shallow breathing)
• Has burns on the head, neck, hands, feet or groin
• Experiences difficulty breathing
• Has second- or third-degree burns
• Is over 60 years old or under 5 years of age

Be prepared: Know the first aid kit location

Before an accident happens, ensure that all team members know the location of the first aid kit, nearest telephone and medical facility. Burns can cause irreversible damage within seconds, so prompt and correct action is essential.

Burns are a severe risk to the roofing industry, and understanding how to provide first aid for different types of burns is critical. Roofing contractors can effectively manage burn incidents and minimize damage by stopping the heat source, applying proper cooling methods and knowing when to seek medical help. A prepared and knowledgeable team is the best defense against burn-related injuries on the job site.